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(詳細はRoman Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome. There are around 760 Roman Catholics〔(The CATHOLIC CHURCH MISSION IN MONGOLIA « Catholic Church in Mongolia ) Catholicchurch-mongolia.mn〕 in the country who are served by three churches in the capital Ulaanbaatar, plus churches in Darkhan and Arvaikheer. Roman Catholicism was first introduced in the 13th century during Mongol empire, but died out with the demise of the Yuan Dynasty in 1368. New missionary activity only set in after the Second Opium War in the mid-19th century. A mission was founded for Outer Mongolia, giving Mongolia its first Roman Catholic jurisdiction, but all work ceased within a year when a communist regime came to power. With the introduction of democracy in 1991, Roman Catholic missionaries returned and rebuilt the church from scratch. As of 2006, there is an Apostolic Prefecture, a bishop, three churches, and diplomatic relations between the Vatican and Mongolia since 1992. ==History== (詳細はNestorian Christianity had been practiced since the 7th century, and in the 13th century, Western missionaries such as William Rubruck and Giovanni da Pian del Carpine came to the region. The leaders of the Mongol Empire were traditionally tolerant of many religions, through Christianity was a key religious influence, primarily through the wives of the Mongolian khans, women from the Nestorian Kerait clan. John of Montecorvino was a key missionary to Mongol-controlled China during the Yuan Dynasty, translating the New Testament and the Psalms into the Mongol tongue, founding the first Roman Catholic mission in Beijing and becoming its first bishop. Technically Mongolia had been covered by the diocese of Peking, and it was not until 1840, when a Vicariate Apostolic was divided from Beijing that Mongolia had its own Catholic jurisdiction. In 1883, a vicariate for Inner Mongolia was created, and then a mission was created for Outer Mongolia in 1922. Freedom of thought and religion were not permitted under communist rule. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Roman Catholicism in Mongolia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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